Heh, so in Python it's possible to overload operators in the context of objects.
I bet it would be possible to overload tabs to do the same thing as colons inside a context manager, but that's pure speculation.
Growing up with C made me assume semicolons and braces were needed to avoid subtle bugs, but experience with more recent languages showed me that it's possible to reliably parse the same semantic cues that humans use: indentation, parentheses, and other such context. (Perhaps this was less viable when C was invented, due to more constrained hardware.)
I was skeptical at first, but in practice, I have never encountered a bug caused by this approach in Python, Nim, or any other language implementing it consistently, over the course of a decade or two using them. Meanwhile, I have seen more than a few bugs caused by brace and semicolon mistakes.
So nowadays (outside of niche & domain-specific languages) I see braces and semicolons as little more than annoying noise and fuel for religious arguments.
In Java it’s quite difficult to forget semicolon and still have a syntactically correct program.
I think braces are incredibly important. With Python it can be confusing which indentation is correct when copying code between files. Different indentations can easily be still syntactically correct, but the outcome is vastly different. It’s often I have to double and triple check to verify I copied the code with correct indentation.
It’s often I have to double and triple check to verify I copied the code with correct indentation.
I vaguely remember facing that issue once or twice in the past, but certainly not often. It was because the pasted code was too long for its starting point to be easily found in my editor, even if I scrolled up a bit.
If this happens to you often, I wonder: perhaps the code you maintain should be broken into smaller functions?
If I was in that situation again, I think I would simply place a bookmark before pasting and then jump back to the bookmark to indent/dedent the pasted block appropriately.
Edit: Come to think of it, I would have to check and correct it regardless of the language and braces, since confusingly indented code is unwelcome in my commits.
As someone used to working in c# (and before that Java, C++, Visual Basic, and Pascal) I haven't seen any brace or semicolon related errors since the days of Borland IDEs (any remotely self respecting IDE will highlight them and refuse to compile, these days), but working with Kotlin has shown me that I, at least, read code with semicolons slightly faster than code without.
There's a reason we use punctuation when writing, and the same applies to code.
Ugh, you just gave me Turbo Basic flashbacks. My favorite thing was that variable names could be as long as you liked and mixed case, but the compiler only used the first two letters and case insensitive at that. So "BatShitCrazy" and "BALLPARKESTIMATE" actually referenced the same variable.
Well, Python kind of does the reverse of a semicolon: If you want to continue a statement over multiple lines, then you have to \
escape it.
Python also then tries to avoid multi-line statements for that reason, but yeah, in most other languages this would be equally as annoying as semicolons are.
There are some languages which use neither, for example Scala, but I can at least say that while I consider the people behind Scala and Rust equally competent and the languages more or less equally modern, Rust just completely blew it out of the water in terms of error messages despite being much younger. (Not because Scala is bad, Rust is just incredibly good there.)
And yeah, I'm suspecting that Rust using semicolons makes the difference there.
While Scala will pretty much have to guess where a statement with compile error ends, Rust just knows it ends at most at the next semicolon.
I will also say my experience is opposite of yours. I have managed multiple times to try to access a variable in Python, which wasn't in scope anymore, because the indentation wasn't enough of a visual cue to me.
And in any modern language, missing/missplaced semicolons or braces are a compile error, with clear error message where it's missing. I genuinely don't even know how you'd get a bug out of that.
Well, Python kind of does the reverse of a semicolon: If you want to continue a statement over multiple lines, then you have to \ escape it.
That's not true. Being within parentheses, brackets, quotes, etc. is enough for the parser to know you're continuing. In practice, I find that context is already present in most cases.
For the other cases, occasionally surrounding an expression in parentheses is easy enough. Long conditionals probably deserve parentheses anyway, for clarity.
I am a Scala and Rust fan. I can corroborate what you said
The part about no semicolons/curly braces I like in Scala is that I can write a function and it'll look virtually indistinguishable from a regular ol variable. Functions become much less of a ritual and integrate more nicely with the rest of the code. Other than that though, Rust definitely wins out because of the curly braces & semicolons. I use curly braces in most situations in Scala where I'd normally use them in Rust, and I would use semicolons everywhere in Scala if it weren't considered unidiomatic. Whitespace-significant syntax is just really annoying to deal with. Using Python or even maybe F# makes me want to die because I keep accidentally missing an indent somewhere or indenting too much somewhere else or using the wrong kind of whitespace and the entire program implodes. At least Scala and Kotlin keep it sane
Also it's just way harder to visually organize in whitespace based languages. You basically have to do a bunch of magic tricks to make the code look slightly different in a specific scenario than what the language wants you to. Rust allows you to actually visually organize your code easily while also having a strong style rules which you shouldn't stray too far from (or else the compiler will yell at you).
I think this could be better for reading but harder for writing. Like you could write a script that converts between this and the easier to write way if you are working on a project with others.
My credo on this kind of thing is never do something that will make your successor so mad that they find out where you live and post parts of your body to Interpol.
I think you'll like Ruby. It has mostly done away with braces and code blocks end with end, e.g.
def create
unless admin redirect_to new_session_path and return
@product = Product.new product_params
if @product.save
flash[:success] = "New product has been created!"
redirect_to edit_product_path(@product) and return
else
flash[:error] = "Something went wrong!
render :new
end
end
This is working code that I simplified a bit from an old project of mine.
Ruby syntax is nice although I prefer python way of enforcing indentation instead of adding "end"s. Personally I just want a statically typed language with enforced indent as syntax.
That's just Algol instead of B. Most languages use the one or the other, then there's sexpr-based languages (lisp, scheme), lua (technically Algol but not needing semicolons while also not needing newlines so it's definitely special), and layout syntax (Haskell, or, if you want a bad implementation, python).
Basically, when you leave out the '{' then Haskell uses your intendation to insert ';}' on later lines between the leading whitespace and the first token.
There some really old Haskell code out there that lines up the '{;}' characters on the left under block-introduction keywords.
It's not just old Haskell code that's how you write Haskell if you want explicit braces. Well, mostly generate, but it's still the idiomatic formatting (and when you generate you always generate braces because it's easy to get layout subtly wrong when generating).
Haskell also does the whole
data Foo = Bar
| Baz
| Quux
foo = [ Bar
, Baz
, Quux
]
thing, makes sense to apply it to braces especially as they're seen only very rarely. Single-line, yes, but not multi-line.
Automatically enforced deterministic formatting is the best, there's nothing that beats it. The productivity in just being able to format on save knowing that the code will be in the ideally formatted state, along with the anti-bikeshedding properties of this strategy, makes it unbeatable.
gofumpt and gofmt are the best. One of the reasons if I have a choice I'll code in go. I heard rumblings that rust was working towards having rustfmt be a standard crate.
Go is in a good position, yeah. JavaScript has prettier, which is nice. Java has google-java-format. Python has ruff, which is quite good. Kotlin has ktfmt, which I believe made a mistake with their standards by not following the standard formatting guidelines for the language, but whatever. Uniform and deterministic for the win.
why stop at curly brackets? Do all of them: parentheses, square brackets, angle brackets, and curly brackets. Also, strings should be liberated. Move all non-escaped quote characters to the end of the line too.