Scale. It's about scale and centralization. Sure there were slaves but capitalism made more than ever in human history. Sure there were wars but capitalism made them bigger and further away from the rich nations committing them's population.
It's about scale. It's like comparing a single thief to a crime syndicate of organized thieves and saying "well there has always been thieving"
Sure there were slaves but capitalism made more than ever in human history
but capitalism made them bigger and further away from the rich nations committing them’s population
Wouldn't completely agree here. There has simply been a massive technological advancement if we compare, for example, the "norse raids" with "european raids". Europeans could transport more and travel further. Also, there have been way more people alive if we compare those timeframes. Global population has grown steadily.
Don't get me wrong, capitalism certainly had a certain impact, but pretending like capitalism is the sole source is dishonest at best and stupid at worst. There have always been powerhungry people. Capitalism just gave everyone a chance to be power hungry instead of just the select few that were born into places of power.
Something I'd also like you to keep in mind that every communist regime that wasn't 50 people on a deserted island has resulted in a disaster for the population and surrounding countries. The soviet union has waged more than 15 offensive wars, for example georgia, poland, finland, iran, czech etc., which is almost as much as the US which has existed for like 250 years at this point. So pretending that communism is completely free of the things you criticize capitalism for is pretty dumb tbh.
Scale. It's about scale and centralization. Sure there were slaves but capitalism made more than ever in human history.
Depends on who you ask, and when, I guess. For instance, if you asked one of the nations conquered by the Mongols, they would've said that empire was the largest enslaver in history.
The Mongol Empire established a massive international slave trade founded upon war captives enslaved during the Mongol conquests, which were distributed by market demand around the empire via a network of slave markets connected through the cities of the empire.
Considering this was the largest contiguous empire in human history, the exploitation and damage was pretty extensive.
Yes. Capitalism is a tool that allows us to scale industry up. Good or bad. Just like fire is indispensable for our society, but if you don't regulate it properly, it will burn things down.
Capitalism allowed for scaling things up. Assholes got a hold of it first and used it to scale up slavery and wars. Doesn't mean it is inherently evil.
Sure, it is an imperfect and dangerous tool, but by far the best we have.
Reducing widespread human rights abuses in the Soviet Union to "one famine" shows a heady mixture of deliberate ignorance with hubris that only a western university educated leftist can posess.
The sad thing is, famines weren't that widespread after a while, unless your standard of "famine" is "not eating beef steaks in a country where beef aren't that common".
Mao and Stalin are both often cited as killing more of their own citizens than Hitler managed to do.
For Stalin is was a result of the 1930-1933 changes in policy to heavily prioritize heavy industry over food. Honestly hard to blame him, going from a war to a bloody revolution then overthrown for militaristic autocracy probably complicated a lot of things with no time between to normalize.
For Mao is was the result of making all private agriculture a offense worthy of capital punishment and instead made a grain quota for peasants to fill and send to the central government for distribution, then heavily investing in steel production and urbanization. Peasants didn't fill the quotas because the surpluses just didn't exist, if the central government just took what they wanted then in those cases the farmers just starved reducing next year's yield. Mao's came much later so he had no excuse.
So, yeah, they didn't get to eat meat every day. Or bread. Or even cereals.
The ussr was infinitely better for human rights than what came before or after in Russia and the baltics, and was better than all "free nations" at the time until the late 1970s, when a few European nations decided to ignore France, the UK, and the US and write their own laws.
Please explain to me how sending most of the Baltic intelligensia to die in Siberia and replacing them with Russian settlers who held most positions of power was better for my rights than what I have right now.
Please tell me how great my grandmother in law had it living in the outskirts of Archangelsk in a wooden barrack because she was sent there against her will, how much more rights and opportunities she had back then.
Please explain to me how great the industrial management in the USSR was, where they built a bunch of heavy industries in countries that had few mineral resources to support them locally, leading to plant closures in the 90s.
Before WWII, Estonia was a bit richer than Finland. Not it is lagging behind by decades.
You aren't breaking anything with this basic view. Human society isn't monolithic; there have been, and will continue to be, many different forms of it.
Conquest and wars occur throughout time, but corporate firms, investment banks, stock markets, ownership and commodification of land, and other hallmarks of capitalism are more recent.
This lazy argument shows a defeated attitude that we should just accept things as they are, or worse, that it is in our nature to be terrible to one another, when history actually shows more evidence of cooperation than strife.
but corporate firms, investment banks, stock markets, ownership and commodification of land, and other hallmarks of capitalism are more recent.
these are more recent, and the things they have done, are in fact, also more recent, HOWEVER. The point you entirely miss out on here, is that capitalism is ultimately just an extension of mankind. There is nothing inherently different from capitalism, to any prior system, in the context of abuse of human rights, or however you wish to frame that particular problem.
It's merely an extension of the problem that has plagued humanity throughout history. I don't think as the meme suggests, that this is a problem with capitalism, i think this is a problem with humanity, and capitalism just allows it to bleed through, as every other system throughout history has done, and every new system ever invented will continue to be vulnerable to. I do not think this is a problem that can be solved.
also to be fair, that meme is probably missing out on the hundreds of millions of human causalities that were had during the time period of the USSR. No system is immune to this problem.
Not the whole of society. The problem with biology is that no matter how many nice people there are, there will always be someone willing to take advantage of them.
It doesn't matter if only 0.00001% of the worlds population is inherently evil and strives to do the most evil deed possible, because that is still 80k people. If any one of those persons gets into a position of power anywhere all hell will break loose, if only for a fraction of a second in the grand scheme of total human history. These things tend to snowball.
Scale. It's about scale. Capitalism gave the economic incentive to take these historical evils and industrialize them to a scale not even imaginable before. A scale so large that even you, today, with the world at your fingertips are unable to comprehend, evidenced by the fact that you are currently failing to comprehend it.
“During the cold war, the anticommunist ideological framework could transform any data about existing communist societies into hostile evidence. If the Soviets refused to negotiate a point, they were intransigent and belligerent; if they appeared willing to make concessions, this was but a skillful ploy to put us off our guard. By opposing arms limitations, they would have demonstrated their aggressive intent; but when in fact they supported most armament treaties, it was because they were mendacious and manipulative. If the churches in the USSR were empty, this demonstrated that religion was suppressed; but if the churches were full, this meant the people were rejecting the regime's atheistic ideology. If the workers went on strike (as happened on infrequent occasions), this was evidence of their alienation from the collectivist system; if they didn't go on strike, this was because they were intimidated and lacked freedom. A scarcity of consumer goods demonstrated the failure of the economic system; an improvement in consumer supplies meant only that the leaders were attempting to placate a restive population and so maintain a firmer hold over them.
If communists in the United States played an important role struggling for the rights of workers, the poor, African-Americans, women, and others, this was only their guileful way of gathering support among disfranchised groups and gaining power for themselves. How one gained power by fighting for the rights of powerless groups was never explained. What we are dealing with is a nonfalsifiable orthodoxy, so assiduously marketed by the ruling interests that it affected people across the entire political spectrum.”
― Michael Parenti, Blackshirts and Reds: Rational Fascism and the Overthrow of Communism
Additionally, check out Willam Blum's "Killing Hope" (pdf link), and/or "America's Deadliest Export", by same (pdf link).
That quote basically describes every politician from every ideology that has ever lived. You can literally swap out communism for other words and it still reads the same.
Its got no substance or citations of factual events. Basically word salad.
Yeah, the citations of factual events are in the links below the quote. Check out Willam Blum's "Killing Hope" (pdf link) for more citations than you can shake a stick at.
I'd argue that it was the huge boats capable of crossing oceans, first built around the 14th century, which could comfortably sail around Africa. Look at the borders of the Portugese Empire, doing very similar stuff to what England was doing, but apparently that's different somehow? It's the boats that enabled them to become imperialists over huge distances.
Around that period there was a huge leap forward in the quality of the boats. England and Portugal were maritime powers. They were limited by the distance they could sail, and suddenly could sail much farther. Enforcing control on the opposite side of the world would have previously been unthinkable. Capitalism isn't the reason they started conquering the globe. It's the improved boats that allowed them to travel the globe in the first place. The spirit of imperialism was already there before capitalism came around.
He doesn't know Capitalism describes a method of production and distribution, he thinks it means western world power currently opposed to eastern world power.
King mansa musa does not compare even an iota to the transatlantic slave trade. It's not about the fact slavery was happening. It's that capitalism industrialized slave trade to a degree that was unfathomable to humanity before.
It's not specific to slavery, but the entire claim of "capitalism started in the UK" and that that's somehow the cause of all the world's problems.
However, the Kingdom of Mali profited greatly from slavery, with the trans-Atlantic slave trade simply being a later chapter in its long history of trading slaves.
As for capitalism; King Mansa Musa went on a pilgrimage to Mecca and deliberately crashed the value of gold in Cairo, the then trade capitol of the world during the middle ages. He did this as a move to bring, and steal, trade interests for Mali.
You see, kids, capitalism didn't start until the 16th Century. The world was in black and white until around the 1950s, then soon afterward boomers created racism, pollution and inflation. Then we got the Internet and began the Enlightened Age of Memes.
Depends, do you think they define systems of production and distribution or do you agree with OP about it being descriptors of western and eastern world powers?
If it's the first one, then no, aside from anarchy.
If it's this second one, a more fair, equal, and direct democracy would be cool.
The Bible warns of greed, talks about how people with wealth will never go to heaven. Look at how much colonization/spread Abrahamic religions have and they still couldn’t solve this
Also gotta remember about the Irish Potato Famine where the English just literally stood by and said "well yeah that's just how it is" due to "free market" reasons. (In fact, they made everything worse by demanding that Ireland continue to export wheat)
The Irish Potato Famine killed approximately 1 million people due to "free market above all" ideology.
The worst part is they could and did grow what they used to eat. It just was packed off to England while the Irish starved as their own potato crops (which they could afford to eat) failed.
There was no famine. It was a deliberate and political choice to let the people who grew the crops starve.
Google says it's origins can be traced back that far. OP probably just counted that. What we call capitalism really started kinda alongside the industrial revolution late 17-1800s.
I suppose you can try and pin this on the Dutch. But the economic practices of aggregating ownership around a legal business entity and organizing production towards the maximization of profit were quickly adopted by English shipping magnets from their Dutch peers.
If you think of the first corporation as the start of capitalism the Dutch East India company started in 1602, so that would be 17th century Netherlands, not 16th century England. In any case, I think the obvious choice for a date is 18th century England (together with the Industrial Revolution). Of course, you can trace the origins back much earlier even to antiquity, but capitalism the idea to organise most economic activity around capital is in my understanding more recent.
People usually treat as starting simultaneously with the industrial era. A better date range puts it earlier:
That’s an important and. Situating coal’s epoch-making capacities within class and
colonial relations predating steampower’s dominance yields an alternative periodization.
British-led industrialization unfolded through the linked processes of agricultural revolu-
tion at home and abroad – providing the labor-power for industry by expelling labor
from domestic agriculture and, in the case of the West Indian sugar colonies, channeling
capital surpluses into industrial development (Brenner 1976; Blackburn 1998). The possi-
bilities for the ‘prodigious development of the productive forces’ flowed through the
relations of power, capital and nature forged in early capitalism.
[...]
The erasure of capitalism’s early-modern origins, and its extraordinary reshaping of global
natures long before the steam engine, is therefore significant in our work to develop an
effective radical politics around global warming … and far more than global warming
alone! Ask any historian and she will tell you: how one periodizes history powerfully
shapes the interpretation of events, and one’s choice of strategic relations. Start the clock
in 1784, with James Watt’s rotary steam engine (Crutzen 2002a), and we have a very differ-
ent view of history – and a very different view of modernity – than we do if we begin with
the English and Dutch agricultural revolutions, with Columbus and the conquest of the
Americas, with the first signs of an epochal transition in landscape transformation after 1450.
Scale. It's about scale. Capitalism gave the economic incentive to take these historical evils and industrialize them to a scale not even imaginable before. A scale so large that even you, today, with the world at your fingertips are unable to comprehend, evidenced by the fact that you are currently failing to comprehend it.
Surely Rome wasn't a warmongering, genocidal, capitalist-colonialist society with the rich elite hoarding untold wealth and trading in slaves 1500 years earlier, right?
There's actually a lot of interesting recent work that points to wage labor being very prevalent in the Roman economy! The idea of slavery as the main driver of the production of the Roman economy is not nearly as popular now even amongst academics who take a 'primitivist' view of the Roman economy (ie that it resembled the customary economies around it more than later, early modern economies). Though, obviously, either way it had significant social influence and implications, and was far from economically inconsequential.
I, eh, would think that Phoenician societies and a lot of Ancient Greece could be called that too.
In any case, if everything involving markets and mutually voluntary deals and trade is called capitalism, then everything is capitalism. But that doesn't make any sense.
Capitalism is specifically what Marx was talking about - where the economic system is kinda free and equal, but to be a subject in it you have to own some capital, allowing you to create enterprises. You can't do it with just your head and two hands, because it's very expensive. So you need to ally with some generational wealth. Quite often that of aristocrats.
So-o things like VC and more recently crowdfunding and what not, which everybody blames for enshittification and such, are what ended the original capitalism in some sense. People who have some kind of a business plan and skills, and small capital (something realistic to assemble), can try. Also the startup incubators and all that.
A lot of it is BS, but in general you don't have to make an appointment with some Victorian dude with a monocle, wait for him a few hours, then explain your whole idea to him a few more hours, and then - that dude will be very polite and knowledgeable and interested, by the way, - likely get a commendation letter to some acquaintances of the dude, his written commentary with advice on your ideas, and a polite refusal.
That really does not apply to Rome. There was some private industry and profit, but at the end of the day, it was all about enriching the empire and giving the people bread and circuses to keep them quiet. Every Roman citizen got fed. Which is pretty anti-capitalistic.
There was some private industry and profit, but at the end of the day, it was all about enriching the empire and giving the people bread and circuses to keep them quiet.
Less than you might think! The Imperial state apparatus was actually very skeletal compared to what we think of it, at least during the height of the Empire. We're talking entire provinces with only a few dozen actual imperial officials to manage it, most of whom brought their own private staffs. Senators were formally barred from large-scale commerce, but they got around this by investing their money with non-office-holding individuals to engage in business on an obscene scale. Most of the resources moving around were moved by private trade, and at immense profit. Only a few resources were subject to imperial monopolies or had widespread imperial control; everyone else was playing a more-or-less recognizable hustle of commerce - buy or lease cheap, produce at low cost, sell at high profit.
Every Roman citizen got fed. Which is pretty anti-capitalistic.
Not even close, I'm afraid! Even in the city of Rome itself, and it was only in the city itself where the grain dole was in effect, it was limited to a certain number of citizens, and most of it was sold subsidized by the state rather than free. Those citizens who received the grain dole, furthermore, were not selected out of the poorest of the poor - it was largely the established working families - semiskilled workers, artisans. small merchants and the like, who might be expected to have times of hardship but not be in constant danger of starvation - it was a political subsidy to these people, who still had some social pull and connections in the city but were not integrated enough into the power structures to have a firm interest in sustaining it, to keep them from calling for anything dangerous, like more democracy!
The ultra-impoverished largely were left to the issue of charity and political patronage (which was big in Rome), and starved about as much as any impoverished pre-modern group. Maybe a little less, considering votes were almost literally bought long after voting ceased to be meaningful. One supposes that's a bit more money than most would have.
Since @[email protected] seems to be the expert in all things Roman, I'd be interested in seeing their take. Seems to me from what I've read that Rome was capitalist as hell and that was a major reason for expansion.
The notion that they gave out "bread and circuses" somehow made them other than that seems pretty facile. The bread and circuses was usually a quid-pro-quo to the colleges for their votes. There were very, very rich civilians and dirt poor nobles, and that doesn't seem to happen in an inheritance feudalism very often. Funding an army as a general and taking the wealth it conquered seems about as capitalist as you can imagine. Yah, you had to wait for an appointment as a governor for the areas you conquered, but that was usually just a matter of form.
16th century England wasn't even capitalist. It was mercantilist-- strong central control over a zero-sum economic system focusing primarily on lopsided international trade as the means of building wealth.
It was mercantilist-- strong central control over a zero-sum economic system
It became mercantilist when the English, French, and Spanish colonial empires began to abut one another, and state actors identified stateless trade as a threat to state sovereignty. But the original process of chartering ships for the Trans-Atlantic slave trade came out of the private financing system pioneered by the Dutch and rapidly adopted across Western Europe.
Capitalist expansion was what allowed the English piracy fleets to leapfrog the originally better-financed and better-equipped Spanish state navy. While the Aztec gold that Spain brought home devalued their currency and destroyed their economy, the Dutch/English/French system of reinvestment and economic expansion swelled their capital stock by continuously circulating the specie, commodities, and chattel slaves that would make Trans-Atlantic trade so lucrative.
Mercantilism was a step backwards, inhibiting economic growth in the colonies, that colonial powers at home deliberately imposed on those territories as a means of preventing colonial governments from getting rich enough to revolt. And the economic theories of Adam Smith were transgressive in large part because they embraced domestic industrialization and economic expansion as a form of political rebellion.
A famine that wasn't caused by the ideology directly, but by picking the wrong guy to run agriculture. It wasn't communism that caused the famine, it was Trofim Lysenko's unscientific ideology; Lysenkoism.
...plus Authoritarian Communism shouldn't count, amd the death tolls of Capitalism, Colonialism, and The Catholic Church have all been higher in total.
Both authoritarian and capitalist systems lead to massive disparities and overall low quality of life for majority of people. It is where the seemingly opposite ideologies converge on the one thing they do best: concentrate power in the hands of few.
Although you can say that the fervent devotion to communism was what got Lysenko's ideas of what was essentially a Marxist botany theory got implemented.
That's not a condemnation of communism, but it is a condemnation of how you can let any ideology get out of control.
the first round of starvation around 1920 iirc killed 6 million people because of social turmoil / civil-war like circumstances. it had nothing to do with the specific political ideology
ten years later, in 1930, another round of starvation killed another 6 million people, this time due to political ideology: basically they made "free market" illegal, and people couldn't sell excess goods anymore, so they made no money, and nobody cared about actually farming more than for themselves anymore.
ten years later, from 1930 - 1945, another 20 million were killed due to stalinistic terrorism, which had nothing to do with "communism". it was just a guy who clinged to power recklessly and caused a lot of harm that way.
so in total, only 6 million out of 32 million people died due to "communism" / non-free-market-ideology. the others died due to civil turmoil or dictatorship. for reference: the total population in the soviet union at that time was around 150 million people. IIRC
Also, it should be noted that one shouldn't look at these numbers in isolation. There's also a lot of gruesome stuff that happened elsewhere in the world at approximately the same time (or some time earlier). For example, black-african slaves in the US, mass surveillance and executions in germany, Irish potato famine close to England, ...
I have no idea why i just typed this i just wanted to. idk
So like the east indian company alone killed twice as many people as Authoritarian communism... As has The Congo Freestate (King Leopalds rubber corporation in the Congo)....
....so basically Capitalism has killed WAY more people that Communism, and that's just two corporate endeavors.
Lol, yes, the famine in 1945 was all just because of Stalin's ambient evilness. There was nothing else going on at the time that might have affected the USSRs ability to produce food.
Kings sending Conquistadors was not capitalism. Or if it was then the entire middle ages was also Capitalism. Capitalism did plenty of bad shit without covering for the authoritarian sanctioned missions of the 1500s.
They were a crown chartered company in the 17th century. Not the 16th. And they were founded to make it easier for the crown to colonize and control those colonies.
*ITT: people who are comfortable with conflating ideas and labels and ignoring historical context so that they can advertise their ideological conformity with the prevailing community narrative.
Because telling people capitalism began in the 16th century creates a confused and misinformed understanding of history that makes it more difficult for people to reason about the world.
I can believe there are those who tell that Communism is evil because of famines (and mass murders), and that, of course, doesn't quite work knowing how nice European empires were. I think it works in the context that only European lives are human enough. I think that's also the reason that simple logic works well with people in Eastern Europe (Russia, Ukraine, Belarus included).
But the correct version would be that Communism is inefficient, incompetent, lacks feedbacks. It's weak. The British Empire killed all those people in conscious policies, as part of a calculated risk, and ultimately it reformed itself into the Commonwealth and quite a few allies. USSR's famines and mass repressions were driven not by some policy, but by lack of functional feedback, and ultimately it broke. Countries formerly part of the British Empire are strong and many of them even rich. Countries formerly part of the Eastern Block are weak and poor.
Not the guy you responded too, but his point is obvious.
The assertion that capitalism is the root cause of the atrocities listed based purely on their existing at the same time is evidence of nothing.
People have always been like this, increases in technology have helped increase mans mistreatment of his fellow man. Economic system be damned, that's not the point.
Or do you think mercantilism or feudalism where actually any better?
Due to Ukrainian anti-soviet (nazi) influence in 1990s, the famine was upgraded to a genocide for Ukraine (Holomodor). "Stalin bad" is a welcome narrative for US/CIA.
There was a genuine global famine at the time, and the US demanded Stalin pay USSR debt in food. Most of those exports went through Ukraine, and so Ukraine had some agency in its own famine levels. Ukraine's per capita food allotment was higher than most USSR states including non-nazi/non-antagonist Kazahkstan which had more deaths but did not declare famine a genocide.
The complex politics, like Syria's famine/drought that sowed the seeds for ISIS/Israel takeover, meant not making everyone happy. Bourgeois farmers outside of Ukraine, the Kulaks, wanted extortion, famine market, pricing, and Stalin wanted to pay them less.
The Irish Potato famine, was an oligarchist driven famine, the US would approve Stalin of having chosen. There was plenty of Irish potato production, but the prices were too high for the Irish to pay, so they were exported more. Stalin's "crime" was fighting extortion pricing.