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99% of people want a drop-in replacement for Windows that will install and run every possible Windows-compatible application, game and device without them having to make any extra effort or learn anything new. Basically Windows but free (in all senses).
Any even slightly subtle difference or incompatibility and they'll balk. Linux can never be that, and Microsoft will keep the goalposts moving anyway to be sure of it.
Sure, a lot more works and is more user friendly than 15 years ago, but most people won't make the time to sit down and deal with something new unless it's forced on them... which is what Microsoft are doing with Win11.
Personally I believe that unless you're able to do a slackware or gentoo installation, you're not ready for Linux.
/s but only kinda
Linux users need to have a higher level of technical literacy than windows users. It just can't be avoided unless you're okay with potentially reinstalling your os at some point. The bar has been lowered a lot, but because other companies refuse to play nice with Linux, it'll always be there.
If you're okay with that tradeoff, then yeah Linux is great. But a lot of people aren't even aware of it and it causes a lot of pain
Most of the hobbyists I speak to that have failed linux desktop experiences mostly switch back to windows due to:
- Hardware compatibility issues.
- Microsoft office interoperability limitations of the web based office.
- Display scaling issues on multi-monitor setups and some linux applications.
Personally for me the list is:
- Bluetooth not being detected on my particular asus laptop. (The same bluetooth chip works in other laptops)
- Multi-monitor scaling and resolution issues when 3 external monitors are connected via thunderbolt doc.
- Lack of good alternatives to fancyzones
More user friendly doesn't mean you won't have to spend hours troubleshooting driver issues that you will never have on Windows, that's a real problem...
(and when you find the solution you need to input commands in terminal that you can't tell what they do, that's a huge security concern as it teaches users to just trust anyone who tells them to do things they don't understand)
On the other hand printers always work out of the box on Linux without even installing any drivers, whilst getting them go work on Windows can often be a nightmare
Man, people really overstate the barrier to entry to the terminal. Windows troubleshooting is full of command line stuff as well.
It's not the terminal, it's the underlying issues. Having more GUI options to set certain things is nice, but the reality of it is that if an option isn't customizable to the point of needing quick GUI access it should just never break, not be configurable or at least not need any manual configuration at any point. The reason nobody goes "oh, but Windows command line is so annoying" is that if you are digging in there something has gone very wrong or you're trying to do something Windows doesn't want you to do.
The big difference is that the OS not wanting you to do things you can do is a bug for people in this type of online community while for normies it's a feature.
You can reinstall a driver without ever touching the command line on windows.
Can you do that with Linux? Idk maybe on some distros but the default would just be to uninstall the package from terminal.
Pretending these are equivalent is not cool and it just drives new users away for not understanding things the community takes for granted. It takes effort to learn the terminal if even tech-savvy windows users may not even use the command line
Not what I'm saying. I'm saying that a) copy pasting into the terminal isn't the horrifying breakdown of usability Linux advocates seem to believe it is, and b) there are more pressing issues about how often you need to troubleshoot something in the first place.
On both Linux and Windows it's relatively rare to have to reinstall a driver in the first place because both are able to pick up your hardware, set themselves up and keep themselves updated with minimal user intervention.
The real problem isn't whether fixing the exceptions to that involves typing. The real problem is how often there are exceptions to that. In Linux it's way more likely that the natural process of setting something up or customizing something will require some fiddling, while Windows is more likely to make you install some bloatware or not give you much choice, but most likely will get things working for you the way it wants them to work.
That is very much a user-friendly approach, despite its annoyances. The problem isn't that there is a command line interface, the problem is that it's littered in the middle of doing relatively frequent, trivial things. On purpose, even.
You know whats worse than doing things in windows command line or powershell? The registry
"Nooooo! I cant $sudo nano /etc/some.conf!!!!"
Regedit -> HKEY_USERS/microsoft/windows/system/some_setting --> value=FUCK type=DWORD
This is a common meme but essentially is never needed
The deliberate misrepresentation here is that the Windows registry supports importing keys from a text file, so most of the time you have to mess with it you just download a file and double click on it.
Is that super secure? Nope. But hey, anytime you need to do something on a Linux terminal you're also copy/pasting random crap you found online, don't pretend you're not.
The ultimate point still stands. None of these matter to normies, it's how often you need to tinker or troubleshoot to begin with. For most users the acceptable number is zero.
That's because you are sending your Fucks to the wrong key. You are missing the /feedback folder under system
As a normie (at least in these circles), I think I agree with your last point. Windows being heavily restricted in its customizability is a feature. A bad feature, but a feature nonetheless.
The linux terminal is really easy to get into & the UNIX file-system is just nicely organized
Windows 11 doesn't even support first gen Ryzen CPUs. The amount of hardware that runs Windows 11 without tinkering is a tiny fraction of the hardware that runs Fedora Workstation without tinkering.
Linux is much better with drivers and hardware support than Windows. Windows only works well if you use the very small subset of hardware it supports.
Kinda crazy, because W7 didn't support first gen Ryzen either!
The difference is that if you're using hardware that's compatible it just works. My current experience on Linux is that you have 100% hardware that's supported based on what people are saying, you install one distro and your GPU shits the bed the second there's load on it and WiFi works when it feels like it. Install another distro and the GPU works but WiFi doesn't. In the end you spend hours troubleshooting and you're applying solutions by trusting that people aren't doing anything malicious when they tell you to input such and such in terminal.
On Windows? Install the OS, everything works, so no, there's no issues with the hardware itself.
And the "small subset" of hardware it supports is anything made after 2017 and it's only Windows 11 that doesn't support hardware made before that.
Try to make Linux work without any outside intervention with all the hardware that Windows 11 is just compatible with out of the box, I dare you.
Edit: let's add getting Dolby Atmos to work on Linux, never managed to make it work with VLC, had do download another program instead and create a file in a superuser only folder with text commands because there's no UI options to make it work like it should.
That "small subset" is hundreds of millions of devices made in the last 5 years alone.
The problem with Linux (not their fault), is that most of the problems appear in hardware made in the last 3 years.
Huh, odd. I never had these issues, even though I use an Nvidia card with a VRR monitor. All my peripherals (webcam, printer, bluetooth earbuds) work out of the box, too. But maybe I'm just lucky.
Shit, I can’t get Windows to print on my network printer. Have to uninstall it, reinstall it, manually set the IP, restart Windows, and then it’ll work for like one session and then not work again. Windows won’t even throw an error, it’ll just tell me it printed while my printer sits silent.
On linux it works every time. It’s gotten to the point where I don’t even try to print in Windows anymore, I just forward all documents to my laptop and print in linux.
Disable IPv6.
Windows and some printers just choke on IPv6 for some reason. I was having sporadic issues with network printers and windows until I disabled IPv6 for other reasons and noticed a noticeable decrease in printer error metrics.
It'll also affect SMB shares
I wish I could do that, but CGNAT makes ipv6 the much preferred option for a lot of things.
But it's good to know that this might be the cause...
Well, my brother installed linux (mint) on more than 30 laptops that we were fixing to reuse. Im pretty sure none of them had any driver problems.
Tbh, unless you have a NVIDIA graphics card, or are using arch*, driver issues almost never happen.
*my personal thinkpads wifi board didn't work in arch, but that may be because I had already borked that install completly.
Even the Nvidia graphics card sentiment is becoming outdated. There have been sizeable improvements in their drivers over the past couple years.
In my group of friends (all Linux gaming), I'm the only one with an NVIDIA card. I don't have more problems than the other folks, I just have different ones.
The biggest gripe I have, HDR and color management, are getting fixed in Wayland soon. In the meantime I use gamescope to get HDR and apply color correction filters with reshade.
Correct. I've been rocking their open source driver on Wayland for about a year now, pretty smooth experience.
Though sleep is still a neverending struggle.
You've been rocking it for what? Does it support the DLSS feature set now along with HDR and VRR? I mean, it sure did show me a desktop for the few days I spent trying to get a clean, working install of the proprietary driver, but I wasn't under the impression that I'd have feature parity without doing that.
VRR works as long as you're on a recent Wayland version.
HDR isn't a driver issue.
With X11, it ain't happening.
Wayland current supports HDR, however there isn't a protocol for applications to communicate with Wayland to configure themselves correctly. Some applications, like MPV, you can use an environmental variable to get HDR output (but not dynamic HDR, like HDR+ or Dolby Vision) and you can configure the parameters in the config.
Gamescope, the compositor that Valve uses for the Steamdeck, supports HDR for gaming. It works well for some games and completely fails for others.
Luckily, there's a Wayland color management/HDR protocol that is staging for an upcoming Wayland update so you won't need to depend on Gamescope to use HDR.
DLSS works in the games I've seen.
All of that in fully open source drivers? You sure about that? Is it per card?
Ultimately this is pretty much my point, you wrote a whole paragraph about this and I'm still not sure how accurate it is, which cards have which features supported or whether we're even talking about the same thing.
Considering the competition's implementation is "install this one piece of software day one, never think about it again", that is some ways away from a "pretty smooth experience", even without accounting for the parts that are buggy.
For the record, I'm aware of the state of affairs for Nvidia support overall (unfortunately, wish I didn't have to be). I'm gonna say you're wrong about HDR being a driver issue, though, seeing how it was outright disabled for what, three months? due to a showstopping driver bug. It seems to be back to working now, though.
In any case none of this is normie-friendly and an absolute dealbreaker for anybody on modern Nvidia hardware.
Someone coming from Windows would just use the proprietary drivers. It isn't like they're not used to using proprietary software.
The open source drivers (Arch: 'nvidia-open', not 'nvidia') have different problems but installing a completely open source system is an advanced task. If a user just wants to install a driver with the least effort then they'd just install the nvidia package and not the open source drivers.
It isn't a dealbreaker it's just a thing to know. Anybody who's at the point of trying Linux will have had to wade through a sea of people informing them of Nvidia issues, anti-cheat issues, etc.
The trade-off is that you can use an operating system that isn't shoving ads in your face, spying on you and forcing you to get a new PC with a TPM.
For some people that is the dealbreaker. They often find that giving up HDR for a few months, not playing Apex Legends and typing into a terminal is a small price to pay for being able to trust your operating system to be working for you and not for shareholders.
What do you mean, often? What's "often"? Linux's install base is what? 2-5% on desktop PCs, tops? And much of that has been fairly stable for a long time.
So who are these aggravated masses that are evening out the 90% of dedicated GPU users and the mass of people who just don't seem to have much of a problem and definitely not a motivation to move to Linux specifically?
There's a bit of size blindness in the community, where any movement is seen to be momentous and every inconvenience a turn of the tide and it comes off a bit delusional.
Also, "a thing to know" is one thing too many for people who bought a prebuilt PC and never touched anything about it until they bought the next one. And if they do buy a new GPU or whatever they expect to just jam it in there, turn the thing on and expect everything to work right away. Having to wade through all those warnings about Nvidia and anticheat is itself an aggressive way of disincentivizing moving for many people. Honestly, I have a running Linux install and if I have to hear one more time that Mint is the best distro for Windows users and works just fine out of the box I may scream and take a sledgehammer to my boot drive.
Yeah, I was having trouble with sleep, and kwin compositing (KDE), so I switched to proprietary drivers and X11, its working pretty well.
I've defaulted to enabling the X reset on mine, just because waking from sleep is such shite.
In the last twenty years, I've pretty much only had nVidia hardware for graphics with very few issues.
Of course that wasn't in laptops. Having a GPU in a laptop is asking for trouble anyway in my opinion.
"Unless you have a computer in the 90% of users" is a hell of a dismissal.
In fairness, thin-and-light media and web use laptops are a different story, but for desktop use? That's a big stretch.
My man, you think 90% of pcs have a graphics card at all? I live in a poor country, so does the majority of the worlds population, and almost no one has a graphics card here.
No, I think 90% of the ones that do have a dedicated GPU have a Nvidia one. That's not an opinion, it's data that's widely available.
It's also, incidentally, just an example of one of the more egregious issues with the current state of Linux. It doesn't mean it's the only one.
In any case, that's not typically the space being discussed here. The advice generally is "get an AMD GPU", not "we are assuming you're on integrated graphics".
All AMD hardware, Bazzite was killing my GPU as soon as there was load on it and WiFi that worked intermittently, Mint had non working WiFi on a USB antenna that is supposed to be 100% Linux compatible.
So yeah, I would love it if Linux fanatics stopped pretending that Linux is just as plug n play as Windows, it isn't and solutions rely on trusting random people on the Internet.
I don't pretend anything, I commented my personal experiences. So I guess we both shouldn't expect our experience to be the norm...
And tbh, statistically you have the upper hand, most people do use windows after all. (76% or something like that?)
Sure AMD's drivers have not been a crapshot in windows forever, DDU dance is not a thing.
Sometimes to solve a windows problem you also get terminal commands, or get told to change settings in the registry. But usually users download some random binary tool that claims it will fix their problem. They will accept any UAC prompt as trained to do since Vista.
Frankly you are comically biased.
Yeah, I run Linux as my main OS and am able to say that it's not ready to go mainstream, biased as fuck
It's telling you are not even going to defend your points.
Windows being mainstream is not due to being easier to use or setup/configure (which the mainstream does not do) nor due to it being more robust or easier to fix (which it isn't, plenty of guys make their living fixing windows issues, usually by wiping and reinstalling because documentation for most things in windows is very shallow).
It's because the mainstream buys PCs and they are sold with windows
The difference is that the average user won't face those problems in the first place on Windows while they'll have them from the first boot on Linux because driver development for Linux isn't a priority for manufacturers.
Then the user has to figure out the solution that applies to their version of Linux (when the average person can't tell what OS they're using in the first place) and the solution doesn't come from the manufacturer but from a random GitHub project or people on a Linux forum that they just need to trust even though basic computer security starts with "don't just trust random people".
The "What about the registry? And people have to use the terminal on Windows as well!" argument falls apart when you realize that it's not something that will be required for the average user while it is for the average user if they use Linux. Unless you're trying to make Windows do power user stuff you don't even need to know that it has a terminal.
There, happy?
Honestly I think potentially a bigger factor is that there are very few manufacturers who sell machines with linux preinstalled. Very few people have ever installed an OS before or have any desire to do so.
Also there is plenty of software with no real linux alternative even today unfortunately.
This is a big point that not many people acknowledge. The reason SteamOS works as well as it does has less to do with SteamOS itself (it's ultimately as finicky as any Linux distro) and more with it being laser focused on making a specific piece of hardware do a specific thing.
Problem is, it's a bit of a loop. It's not particularly profitable to launch Linux-only devices, let alone to put the work to ensure they will work reliably for their entire lifetime without user intervention. That makes it harder to grow the ecosystem, given that the default implementation is way jankier than most people will allow, which in turn keeps the business less profitable.
That is exactly why Chromebooks were (are?) so popular. You got a cheap laptop with an easy-to-use OS without having to do any install. And let's be real here, most people don't need anything more than a web browser.
They want ReactOS.
But they don't want to pay it to develop it fully
They also want the developers to dedicate their entire lives, 20 hours a day, for no pay, just became they're entitled to a FOSS Windows clone.
You say it like it's a bad thing but yes, I want my stuff to just work and my apps to just run after I download them... I don't want to spend hours every other day or week during my limited free time troubleshooting why something doesn't work. I already spend all day doing that in my work's linux servers and my home server.
This is an issue with FOSS. If something doesn't work then you are on your own. Yes, I can fix it, or work around it, or whatever but it will take hours that I could be spending in windows 11 just playing a game or actually learn something more relevant instead of troubleshooting random shit. On other apps as well, I've paid for a lot of software to be able to ask the owners to help and for them to not tell me to fuck off.
Here's an analogy: You can do your own gardening, or you can hire one of the two landscaping services in town.
This sounds great, but these days, no matter who you hire, the people who show up 1) want to install a fountain and an advertisement billboard that will run off your water and electricity supply and 2) want the right to take what they like from your house by default, they'll mysteriously "forget" and do it anyway even if you pay them not to.
Furthermore, with their latest package, one of the landscaping companies are basically saying that if you don't have a yard large enough for their fountain, you have to move house, which is only marginally better than the other one who will only work on gardens for houses they sold in the first place.
(A previous version of this comment involved the word "lube". I'm sure you can imagine the rest.)
That is a terrible analogy. In your weird alternate reality I just wouldn't keep a garden. Also, I'd be pretty concerned with suing the patently illegal practices of this weirdly overbearing landscaping business, if I cared enough about gardening, which I don't.
More to the point, that's not how people present this to themselves and normies. At least not until they get some pushback. The pitch is always "it works now" or "it's actually better and faster" or "everybody is going to switch any day now because of some random event or another, I've decided".
It's never "hey guys, maybe you can trade a whole bunch of convenience and a much higher minimum level of technical skill for the benefit of not being as impacted by enshittified services of the late online era". Because in that scenario most people will take enshittified services. If not out of conviction, necessity or laziness, definitely out of not being able to clear that technical bar in the first place.
Bringing "no garden" back out of the analogy equates to no computer at all. The fountain is all the crapware and spyware shovelled into Windows these days. The billboard is the ads they want inject into everything.
The alternative is Apple. They don't want to install a billboard just yet, and there's no obvious fountain, but there's a nightmare HOA who tell you how you have to live and if you don't live their way you have to move.
No, that's not the equivalent at all because I'm not a gardener but I do use a computer to work.
Look, analogies can be useful to explain things to people who don't understand the paramenters in question, but we all know what an OS is. You don't need to talk down to anybody here.
Turns out the question isn't about gardening (or lube), it's between a FOSS OS that remains finicky and not perfectly supported and a few commercial alternatives with different quirks and approaches to monetizing the crap out of you but that generally have decent usability for mainstream non-technical users with general applications.
You don't need an analogy for that unless you're talking to a time traveller from the 1800s.
This is my old man nerd point every time (and by the way, we all keep having the exact same conversation here, which is infuriating).
It is NOT, in fact, more user friendly than 15 years ago.
Not Linux's fault, necessarily, but hardware got... weird since the days of the mid 00s when Linux WAS pretty much a drop-in replacement. What it couldn't do then is run Windows software very well at all, and that was the blocker. If we had Proton and as many web-based apps as we do now in 2004 I'd have been on Linux full time.
These days it's a much harder thing to achieve despite a lot more work having gone into it (to your point on moving goalposts).
Audio and networking were a shitshow back then, nowadays almost everything just works on those two fronts. Also, having to edit your Xorg.conf is not what I'd call user friendly...
But there was this brief moment, though. Maybe that's my problem, that I remember it as this momentous piece of Linux history to start getting these cool distros in nice, shiny professional-looking CDs with proper installers that would set up your DE first time every time and get everything mostly there... and it turns out that it was like three years and a couple of Ubuntu iterations.
FWIW, networking mostly works, but I had a heck of a time finding a distro that would properly do 5.1 out of my integrated ASUS audio device last time I went distro hopping. I think audio got better, worse and then better again since the good old days.
I had a heck of a time finding a distro that would properly do 5.1 out of my integrated ASUS audio device
That's not even close to a common use case though. Using that as an indicator of how user friendly Linux is is unfair.
It's not being used as an indicator of user friendliness (that'd be the atrocious time I had setting up my Nvidia GPU and HDR monitors). It's specifically an anecdote replying to the previous guy's (accurate) comment regarding how finicky old implementations of audio on Linux used to be.
But also, in case you're wondering, that setup worked first time on Windows with no additional work beyond the drivers installed by Asus itself. Do I like, or even tolerate, ASUS's weird driver manager? Nope, frickin' hate it, would switch to Linux to avoid it all things being equal. But one thing worked first time, the other needed five different distros before one randomly got it right for no discernible reason.
I was thinking not only about the finicky drivers, but also the different audio backends, like ALSA and OSS, Pulse would have just come out at the time, so it was definitely getting better, but it was fresh off the presses back then, so it wasn't good enough yet either. Nowadays, Pulse works pretty well, pipewire works pretty well, things more or less just work, Bluetooth can be a little weird, but usually you just need to change the settings on pulse/pipewire to your preference.
I've genuinely had problems with multi-speaker configs this year on multiple distros and very little guidance on how to troubleshoot it. But you're not wrong.
Fair enough, sorry for the misunderstanding.
I've had the opposite experience with Windows audio though. It's always been weird for me, randomly switching outputs for no reason, and I stopped even trying to connect wireless headphones because it would always seem to prioritize those, even when they're turned off. Every 5 to 6 months I'd have to dig deep in the audio settings to fiddle with the gain on my mic so I'd stop blowing out my friends' ears on discord.
I think we all need to start differentiating the usability quirks and general jank that all OS have in different areas from the blockers.
Yes, the way Windows handles sources and prioritization sucks, while different Linux DEs have dumb problems with UI scaling or their own audio quirks or MacOS has weird multimonitor support or whathaveyou. If that was it I'd be all for prioritizing the free alternative, no questions asked.
The issue is the blocking issues. Entire features not working, or working at noticeably sub-par performance. Hardware with straight-up nonexistent support you need to replace to make the jump, or that is so finicky to set up that it may as well not work for all the average user is concerned. Those are showstoppers.
The problem is you could have a LOT fewer of the quirks, but a single dealbreaker is enough to block somebody making the jump, or reporting that they tried and failed. I'm as annoyed with how inconsistently videoconferencing picks up the right audio output as anybody. I complain about it every time I have a work call. But I still wouldn't suggest to any of my friends to try to set up their high end Nvidia GPU on Linux as a main gaming daily driver. Those two things are on completely different tiers.
Especially if you had a soft-modem.
And printing. Oh dear, I might have a headache if I think too much about it.
Oh, man, I had entirely blocked the concept of "soft-modems" from my memory. I'm having flashbacks.
it definitely is more user friendly, i remember trying ubuntu 10+ years ago and the default driver was awful, the nvidia driver install ran in the terminal and asked questions that i had no answer to, so half the time i fucked it up, and then it didn't support my monitor so i had to edit the x server conf to get the correct resolution and refresh rate. and when the new drivers came out i had to re-do everything every time
for a few years now you just install with a usb stick and everything runs greatHaving recently spent the equivalent to five work days trying to get an Nvidia setup working on Linux I'm going to say the experience isn't necessarily much better, depending on what you are trying to do and how.
Installing Windows machines 10+ years ago wasn't much more fun either... (I'm not sure it's any more fun these days, but I haven't done it in ages, so I've no idea).
It is NOT, in fact, more user friendly than 15 years ago.
This is just patently false. Pick any common distro.