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these don't prove that printing money always leads to currency devaluation. that's a post hoc ergo propter hoc explanation.
Given we have multiple examples of printing money leading to inflation and eventually hyperinflation, and we have 0 examples of printing money not leading to that, it's reasonable to conclude there is a causative link.
we print money all the time. we are basically swimming in examples of hyperinflation not happening.
We see inflation all the time. Every country that ramped up the printing during covid also saw increased inflation. Most countries stop printing before hyperinflation, we can even see in real time with Argentina that stopping the printing slows the inflation.
moving the goal posts: we were discussing hyperinflation, and now you're saying just inflation.
My original post literally mentioned both, it's not moving the goal posts at all. Printing money leads to inflation, printing even more leads to the end state of hyperinflation.
how many dollars do you need to print to cause a dollar to lose one penny of value?
MMT is the counter example to that, and it's how all sovereign currency issues work right now.
In the US, taxes do not fund the government. They haven't since at least the death of the gold standard. They act as a way to remove currency from circulation. The US just prints money and allows individual banks to print nearly unlimited money. It taxes in order to remove money from circulation and keep inflation at the target, but even then inflation isn't necessarily connected to the amount of money available, just the perception of money available.
There's plenty of ways to use MMT in other ways though, to print more money. If we create a function to invalidate 'dead' or noncirculated money, then we can print triple thr amount of money we do without raising the rate of inflation... But that would hurt rich people.
MMT is popular among politicians because it makes money seem free, but reality gets in the way when countries increase their printing and inflation goes up.
Except you have the order reversed, especially with recent inflation where inflation happened before the increase in monetary supply.
More often than not inflation under sovereign monetary issues is solely due to outside forces, not money supply.
Covid inflation didn't happen before the increase in money supply.
It certainly did, inflation started right before the lockdowns started in response to the market shock from the rumors, and hasn't stopped or massively slowed. It was not higher during the various stimulus packages or giveaways.
Russia 2026
Ha ha yeah.
I remember when the official rate was $1,35 for a ruble... They even had the "cents", the kopek.
We had a say: it's not worth a kopek.
Both Weimar and Zimbabwe, and all other examples of hyperinflationary economies (many Latin American countries come to mind), had large debts denominated in foreign currencies, or had fixed exchange rates with such. This makes the government depenent on aquireing these forein currencies which they themselves cannot issue. Printing your own currency to pay these debts is definately inflationary, but doing so to pay for goods priced in your own domestic currency, when there is excess productive capacity, is not.
Hey! I bought one of these for like $2 USD online nearly a decade ago. That was still almost 1000x its face value at the time.