Under shirt, underwear, spandex thermal tops and bottoms(think under armor), wool or heated socks, insulated Thorogood boots, t-shirt, heated vest, work pants, work jacket, warm beanie, thinsulate leather or fleece gloves that I may have a hand warmer in.
With that I can work all day in Midwestern winter and compromise very little range of motion. Hand dexterity does take a tanking with the thinsulate gloves but they are warm enough to keep my fingers feeling things.
I often am outside for hours and then inside for hours; taking off the gloves, hat, jacket, and vest keeps me from overheating inside. The real game changer for me was the heated vest and the spandex thermals. I was working outside in the 30s and didn't need a jacket with the vest on low.
Unfortunately I have frequent periods where I'm not moving around or exerting myself up on scaffolding or lifts where the wind-chill is a dick. It gets into the single digits easily and my gear keeps me comfortable. There are also those days where you start off at 5am in the 20s and then it is in the 50s by the afternoon, so effective layering that can be shed is important.
I prefer to be warm and miserable than cold and miserable.