I know Germany has a public / private system. Private insurers reimburse more, so they're more desirable from the perspective of medical professionals. But there is a public baseline that Germans can fall back on. This is second hand info though so take it with a grain of salt.
My understanding was that usually people get private insurance through their job. The other poster who answered me seems to indicate you can get private insurance on your own, so I seem to have been wrong.
You are required to have health insurance in germany. If you choose private you often get better service (which technically is illegal) but you can save money when you are young and can only leave and move back to public until a certain age.
Most people just have public health care since that is safer since you dont have to upfront costs. You are always insured, no matter your state of employment.
(theoretically at least, some people fall through the net but that is a different topic)
Canada my guy. We can go to the doctor, but many people do not have a family doctor to go to. You can go to the hospital for free, but assuming the hospital is open (brain drain means closed hospitals) you'll be triaged and if you aren't actively dying, you'll have to wait literally 24 hours to be looked at. That's where "Universal Coverage" ends. My employer covers my dental, vision, pharmacare, mental health, and physio. If I lost my job, my girlfriend and I would be fucked. Not sure why I was downvoted. People mad at my reporting the facts for some reason.
Yup in Canada there's public options for drug coverage but it's also part of employer's benefits plans, dental and optical aren't publicly covered either, although certain optical tests are.