There's Quest RPG. It's a simple system that's meant to be an introduction for RPGs in general. They do the degrees of success thing with a d20. I looked into it as a lighter, more story focused alternative to 5e and used the dice roll mechanic to run an improvised game for my kid niece and nephew that went pretty well.
There's also a mech game called Salvage Union that uses the same system. Don't know if there are any others.
There are lots of systems that have varied results. 2d20 and storypath both use a required number of successes to create space for partial success for example.
Genesys/Starwars FFG has a dual symbol system which has success/failure tracked separately from advantages/complications. There's also two critical symbols which do not cancel even though one is good and one is bad. You could potentially get a roll which is very good & very bad at the same time.
Those are just the ones I've played. I'm absolutely sure there's more.
I've played starwars FFG and while the dice system is interesting, my group struggled to find a good way to simulate the dice we needed without spending money and none of us felt like buying the physical dice for a few sessions of one-shots. We ended up using the method in the rules for converting numbered dice results into the symbols, but that slowed down play a lot. Granted, this was also several years ago so maybe someone has made a free tool since then that everyone in my group can figure out by now.
All of that said, my friend who tried running the game said several times each session that he wasn't sure how to resolve the results of the dice. Some checks didn't have an obvious advantage or complication to add, and it didn't seem like there was too much guidance on advantages and complications in the rulebook he was using. Maybe that's just an experience thing, but all of us coming from d&d, it was a bit of an adjustment.
Without knowing exactly the Starwars FFG system, the same problem (what complications to add for a roll) can be found in PbtA systems. There's an excellent guide that maybe can help although written originally for Dungeon World, to help finding consequences in the equivalent of a perception roll: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1MC_W_qxY7kScRK_2arLhGvATX0HyQz6dTIKFj_HI2T4/edit#!
Ironsworn/Starforged has strong hits, weak hits, and misses in the action roll. Your action score is compared to two challenge dice. Beating both is a strong hit, beating one is a weak hit, otherwise it's a miss.
Technically PF2e has Crit Success, Success, Failure and Crit failure, but I somehow I don't think you are looking for that if you want something similar to PbtA haha.
Magical Kitties Save the Day! Has Failure/Success, But.../Success/Success, And.../Super Success! — partial successes and failures get "Complications" and extra-successful results trigger a "Bonus"
So my favorite system right now is CORE. The resolution mechanic breaks down into a combination of Yes/No and And/But. So for instance you can get an okay result that is "Yes, But" where you succeed but at a cost. You could also fail spectacularly with a "No, And" where not only do your not succeed but something even worse happens. The only thing there isn't a result for is just a straight up "No" because that doesn't help move the story along.
Thanks for sharing this! Your post here pushed me over the edge to go give the rules a read and I really like what I'm seeing so far! Are there any actual play podcasts or videos you'd recommend for seeing the system in play?
There is! I actually discovered the system through an actual play called Legends of Tabletop. The first one they did was actually with the creator and it uses a version called Daytrippers. Since then they've done a handful of CORE games, like a Cthulhu version, some sci-fi, and classic fantasy.
The One Ring 2E has a success/fail system that kind of works like that. There are several degrees of success and failure: extraordinary success, great success, ordinary success, failure or success with woe, failure with woe, disaster.
Successes are determined by the die role (d12 and 0-6 d6), and degrees of failure are set (somewhat arbitrarily) by the loremaster.
I've only done a few sessions with my group, but it has proven to be a fun and interesting change from D&D.
The Wildsea has a very interesting implementation of this system. In effect you can have a “twist” with a partial success wherein the other players at the table and suggest what that twist is. https://felixisaacs.itch.io/thewildsea
Why I can't see your comment directly on my post? I really need to get used to this platform...
Anyway thanks for that diagram! Pretty cool. But I meant apart than PbtA or FitD...
Fate has "succeed with style", "succeed", "tie", "succeed with cost".
Success with style usually gets you more than you were aiming for. You scale the wall and also find a fire escape to help your friends up. You stab him real good and also knock him flat. Note that those are typically Aspects you make up on the spot, not stuff you pick from a list.
Usually when you tie you get a lesser version. You try to set the room on fire but only the curtains catch. You try to disable the cameras but only get them to reboot.
Failures mean you don't get it. The cameras stay on. You miss your swing. You can't get up the wall.
But that's kind of boring. You can choose to convert a tie to "success with minor cost" or failure to "success at serious cost". Maybe you set off an alarm. Maybe you get recognized by a rival. Maybe when you swing at the mugger you seriously injure him and he's bleeding out dude what the fuck.
For most rolls you can spend your metacurrency of fate points to bump up your result. "it looks like I can't climb the wall, but I'm Retired Cat Burglar so it comes back to me pretty quick".
But if you spend on everything you'll run out. You should look for compels (things about your character that make the story more Interesting) to get more. "Yo I'm Wanted in 37 states what if the hotel we're breaking into is like a cop convention?" "I'm Fashion Over Form can we say that everyone recognizes me as I try to get away, blowing my cover?". Etc.
Anyway I like this system. I like having more agency. When I played pbta stuff I felt like I was always rolling meh, and the consequences weren't fun. That may have been lackluster GMs though.
Thanks! I've played some PbtA and FitD, and I'd like to see if other games have some sort of success/success with consequences/failure system. Seems there are some good recommendations!