I believe "tasteful" carbonara is opposite to "obscene" carbonara, which- according to every outspoken Italian person on the internet- would seem to be the kind made with bacon instead of guanciale.
Yes and no: while this is technically correct, flavorful or tasty is more frequently used about food, whereas tasteful is more often used about the other definition of taste, like for example aesthetics or, as I'm alluding to here, tasteful artistic nudity 😁