Transpennine network trial confirms battery tech can reduce fuels costs by half and allow intercity trains to travel through stations in zero emission mode
I wonder if overhead wires make sense with the state of battery technology now? It must be cheaper to build battery-powered trains than install and maintain all that infra before you even factor in the cost of adjusting bridges and tunnels to accommodate the overhead wires.
Unlikely. Batteries are still incredibly expensive, also heavy and a consumable item (need to be regularly replaced). Overhead wires don't work for 1 train, but for all of them. They are also a mostly permanent installation with comparatively cheap maintenance (they are just steel+paint for the most part).
It's surely fine for a fringe route, where a train or two runs, and that would need electrification for a lot of track. So I'd assume there's a break even point somewhere.
Batteries have planety of drawbacks compared to overhead wires.
Weight - Batteries way a LOT, meaning that locomotives need to be stronger, meaning they will be heavier, meaning that need stronger bridges and sturdier tracks.
Lifetime - Batteries are consumed as they are used and recharged, they are also not as easy/cheap to replace as pantographs.
Range - Batteries has limited range, normal electric trains have unlimited range.
Charge time - Batteries need charging, normal electric trains does not.
Normal electric trains are technically the ideal transportation, you have unlimited range and don't need to carry the fuel.