Electric vehicles are caught up in the culture wars. Data from Ipsos shows the percentage of Americans who believe EVs are better for the environment than gas cars has dropped 5 points since 2022.
Everyone knows that electric vehicles are supposed to be better for the planet than gas cars. That's the driving reason behind a global effort to transition toward batteries.
But what about the harms caused by mining for battery minerals? And coal-fired power plants for the electricity to charge the cars? And battery waste? Is it really true that EVs are better?
The answer is yes. But Americans are growing less convinced.
The net benefits of EVs have been frequently fact-checked, including by NPR. "No technology is perfect, but the electric vehicles are going to offer a significant benefit as compared to the internal combustion engine vehicles," Jessika Trancik, a professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, told NPR this spring.
The argument is that all you're doing is moving the carbon emissions from the car directly in your vicinity to the coal-fired power plant a long distance away. Move that same coal-fired power plant into the sealed room, and suddenly it's no longer far away, and the "unclean" nature of the electric car, so the thought process goes, becomes obvious.
That's the thought process if you just stop thinking when you get to a point that reaffirms one's biases. If you continue down that train of thought you'd realize it's a lot easier to regulate and monitor the emissions of a coal power plant than it is every single car on the road. Plus you don't need to use coal to make electricity.
Even if we assume all the electricity is coming from carbon sources (there's no need for any of it to be carbon sources) it's still more efficient because power plants are way better at turning that chemical energy into electricity. Even with the losses in the lines, charging, and in your motors, electric cars are still significantly more efficient on a mile per kg CO2 basis than gas cars. Throw some solar panels on your roof and they become essentially carbonless.
It's really easy to understand why too. You completely waste most of the heat energy you produce in IC engines. They're incredibly inefficient and always will be.