Wasn't there some line about how the array needed several more hours to charge up before it could be used to send a ship back, and the Kazon would have taken it by then?
no, just that it would be “complicated.” There was nothing really preventing them from either using the array to get home nor from taking steps to prevent the Kazon from taking control of it once they left. This absurd plot hole is, really, the result of lazy writing, and would have been pretty easy to fix with little effort.
I went and checked, Tuvok specifically says it'll take several hours before they can send Voyager home (though not specifically that it needed to charge). Here's the exact line:
TUVOK: Captain, I can access the system to send us back to Federation space, but it will take several hours to activate.
They'd have to prevent the Kazon from damaging or taking over the array for quite some time before they could leave. I can understand why Janeway would make the call she did, given the risk of attempting that, but also can see why she would be tortured by the what if...
I don’t remember it this way, but even if tuvok did say this, they simply could have waited. and don’t give me any “what ifs”, because that’s just moving the goal posts without any new information. you don’t know, and I’m not going to entertain any imaginings of the worst just to you win an argument. without new information, “we don’t know” is how this will have to end.