I've been using 'Custom Socks Knit to Fit Your Feet' and adapting patterns to my own, or other peoples, measurements. It does mean getting an accurate swatch but I've been keeping notes with all the different yarns I use so I only have to do the swatch once per yarn
One of my absolute favourites of all time is Sprouting. Such a nice fit, cables aren't very stressful but are enough to not be boring, works with solid to moderately variegated yarns.
Another one I come back to, since I have a proclivity for neon-technocolour-short-dye-repeat yarns, is Crusoe. It seems to have the magical ability to tame even the most stubborn pooling and highlight all the pretty colours in a skein that has all the pretty colours, if you know what I mean.
No specific pattern, but as I'm not a fan of heel flaps I had a look into shaping short row heels for a better fit. That's when I ran across the Up Down Short Row Heel. Can highly recommend!
I learned how to knit socks with Silver's sock class and usually stick to the "one sock on 4 needles" tutorial, but with a shorter cuff. I might retry the toe up on a circular needle pattern but it's easier for me to troubleshoot working on DPNs. "4 needles" also works for scrap socks- I just have to track the cuff and heel work in whatever solid I'm using and then do 4 rounds of whatever scrap I'm using. Still learning not to knot the joins together but they'll be small and I can sew them in well enough.
I have photos for all of these, but I don't know how to upload more than one photo per comment. Let me know if you're interested in photos, and I'll post unique threads and tag you.