As part of a large-scale privacy investigation, I have bought more than 100 domain names previously belonging to social welfare and justice institutions in Belgium. What I observed was unsettling.
Typically free of charge for the country's public services to get a domain if the registrar is based within the country.
There are other countries that don't actually own their TLDs like .io, .tk, .ga, .cf etc. Mali recently forcibly reposessed their .ml domain from overseas ownership IIRC