Small correction: dehydroacetic acid is a preservative so it's actually only ascorbic acid (also known as Vitamin C) that's doing the exfoliation. So if you want products that achieve the same thing then its most likely Vitamin C you should be looking for, and luckily there's plenty of them these days.
I highly recommend checking out Paula's Choice Skin Care
Ingredient Checker for this kind of stuff! You paste in an ingredient list and it will give you tons of useful information. How well an ingredient is regarded, what its function is and so on.
From my limited research it seems as if Vit C shouldn't have an immediately noticeable effect on the skin. Additionally, the product comes in a clear container, so Vit C wouldn't remain stable for long in my product.
That's why I suspected Carbomer as the main exfoliant, since I observe some balling upon contact with the skin.
Ah sorry I thought it was a chemical exfoliant and not a physical peel 😅 It's probably something about how the product is formulated that causes carbomer to ball up so I don't think just because a product has carbomer it will have that effect. Usually carbomer is used to enhance the texture of a product. You can read more about it here and here.
Well it sounds like it's the physical exfoliation/peeling that's giving you the effect you like so much, and I don't think it's THAT important exactly which ingredient is causing that effect. Unfortunately I'm a bit too scared it will be too harsh for my skin so I don't have any experience with that product segment and can't give much further advice than that when it comes to specific products and so on. Hopefully someone more experience can chime in!